A 23pW, 780ppm/°C resistor-less current reference using subthreshold MOSFETs

High-Resistance Resistor Consisting of a Subthreshold CMOS Differential Pair

We propose a CMOS circuit that can be used as an equivalent to resistors. This circuit uses a simple differential pair with diodeconnected MOSFETs and operates as a high-resistance resistor when driven in the subthreshold region of MOSFETs. Its resistance can be controlled in a range of 1–1000 MΩ by adjusting a tail current for the differential pair. The results of device fabrication with a 0.3...

A 95-nA, 523ppm/°C, 0.6-μW CMOS current reference circuit with subthreshold MOS resistor ladder

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Fig. 1. Schematic of the proposed current reference circuit. Intelligent network systems for the future will require a great number of smart sensor LSIs that measure various physical data in surroundings. These LSIs have to operate with a low power, tens of microwatts or less, because they will probably be placed in non-ideal environments where energy for operation cannot be obtained sufficient...

High-resistance resistors consisting of subthreshold-operated CMOS circuits ----LSI implementation of 1-1000 mega ohm resistors----

We propose a CMOS circuit that can be used as an equivalent of resistors. This circuit uses a differential pair consisting of diode-connected MOSFETs and operates as a high-resistance resistor when driven in the subthreshold region. Its resistance can be controlled in a range of 1-1000 M by adjusting the driving current for the circuit. The results of the fabrication and measurement of the circ...

Low-power temperature-to-frequency converter consisting of subthreshold CMOS circuits for integrated smart temperature sensors

A low-power temperature-sensing oscillator was developed using a 0.35m standard CMOS process. This oscillator generates a clock pulse whose frequency is proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT frequency). It consists of a PTAT current generator controlled with an external reference clock and a frequency-locked loop biased with an external reference voltage. The PTAT current generator makes u...